Improvement in carbureters



5 SheetswSheet 2 Carbueter.

No. 206,19. Patened uy 23., m78.

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ATTORNEYS/ gf K 'MMG y crj--f 5 Sheets-Sheet 8 A. W. PORTER.

Gaibureter.

No. 206,196. Patented uiy 23, i878.

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6.. ATTORNEYS,

A. W. PORTER. Carbureter.

Patented July 23, 187.8.`

wlw Essss f in valuable Innn'ovemcnt in (inrimrctcrm ALONZO XV. .i0RTER, 0F 'NEW YRI', 3.7..,*ASSIGQR Gi" RIGHT T() GEO. L. SUREY, UF LEN au?? Y um mw s Juinl 22,

.To all uhom -lmay concern Be it known thnt I, ALONzo W. lon'rnn, of New York, in the conny ofNc-w York and Statc'of New York, have invenied a new and and I do hereby dechire that; the iiiiiowing is n fidi, clear, and exact description oi thc construction and operation of the saine, rciercncebeing had io the annexed drawings, making* al part oi.' this speciiicntion, and to fire letters and iignrcs oi' reference marked hei'con.

Figure l ot" the drawings is a representaiion of a sido eievationof my carbnrcier; and

A Fifi'. 2 is a side elevation, part sectional. Fig.

3 is ay lonffitndinal vcriica sectional view thereof. Figui is a central 'sectional riew of the h vdro-thermostat.l Fig'. 5 is n horizontalv sectional view oitiie saine, and Fig'. 4i is a de`A tail view oi" my. cminlreic'r.v 4

This invention has relation to apparatus for varlnn'etng air or gas for iiluminating pin'- poses, and isan improvement' on the apparai'ns described in Letters la-tent granted to iortcr and. Grimes, dated April 18,1876.

The Vnovelty of this invention consists in automatic means for eiicctnniiy unifying the cnnpcrnt-nrc of ille hydrocarbons with Athe air or abit-he iiine ol mingling' ihc sanne i'or illuminating inn-poses.

it also consiss in providing' nn iinpro'v'cd pressore-rcgninizor for the gas missing through ,the carburetor.

It further consists in nn improved reinrw drip, for passing the condensation of the iinids from fire gas-pipes :ind regulator baci: to the wcii of the machine.

1t farther consists in an improved conner: balance, attached to the operating device of the hydroiherinostat, for seein-in gi safety in the operation of the therrnostnt; aisopin the inca-ns for adjusting or setting; 'die working' part-s of the iigdroftherinostat; also, in n n-.ins for ont ing oii' a porion oi 'ibo' cariinreiing-snriiice in ease the gos or nir becomes saper charged witiriiydroearbon vapors 'from any sudden iiicroasfd icnnicrainre of iiie surrounding ai' inospi iii-canino, in the novel consirncion of the appar-Mns, whereby economy is scoured in making' :ind repairing the saine; nnd, iinaiiy, in the 'novel roinhinaiion :ind arrangement o'paris, as n'iii in' iie'rcinni'icr incre fniiy ser forth. y f

'In i'iie annexed drawings, A rcpresenis awaicrjackc or tank, niiiiin which is ceninined fi series ofcoinparinenis, ii, D,:ind vi'hzind side ceniparinenrs i" and G.

iiie conipariincnt if, is ncinnniicr for canniizingiiio teniperaii'irc of the gas or i i, s 'it giasses from an iniccpiiie, 1*, iii'oog'i s passages o n, iiienee downward throngiriiw conduit I inio iiie ioirer eariinreiingu ngiari ment E, 'where ii, is iningied `n'iiil rise wipers of iie hydrocarbon, spiriis ai'. aV ieniicrai'nrc coincident 'iieres'iin v The compartir-icuii coniains ine hydrocor iion iinid or spirits, and is fiiicd by the snppiy-pipc. if. The coinpsrinicni i? isiro upper carimreting-ciinniiicr, and E ise ion-er one.

The coinparimonis B, i?, D, and E are constructed with nii iieir seani's andjoinis io tire eater side or snrnce, wherein.' free sind eas-v access can' 'ne inni for *Inc discovery anni rcpnir oi' nny ieniis. iiiese -coinparinienfs ,are securely, but rcniovniiv, connccicd and ire-ld apart by means oi' sininidcrcd ings i? ami-indu 3, io form interincdiaie spaces @i iieiivcen-iiem for the free and eininicrrnpied iow of mier around and iieiivccn iiieconiiiarinicnis. paris can im casiig,Y 'removed or nikon aprire in; means of diese ings or bons.

'Ehe side coinpariineni Fi iiic aneinaiie feed-inni for sii}j;p`i3,ing; iiie igfi e inriion s'iirii's from 'die coinpartnicne or ixoiiior C to iie ein bnrcingciiambers; This is provided with a, sniipiy-piie, c?, ccnnnniniociiiff with the b hvdrocariion-iioideri. 'inidoz ses s'rrerificn n L i n'iih a sion-cock, n, an oseiiiaiing disk-voire,

vand lever 1:. To iiic icver ii. of die osciiiscing voricaiiyeiiinsiin.

disk-valve is atinciic 'nic rod i", carrying end n rioni, J, wiiiei: rises and foils in 'tira ion'er or iieaa chamber ii oi' ine iced J This ecdios is aise provided iiii .a siacii or ginriiiion, L, seiinraiing iie ripper or rip e oinnnocr ii freni tire inner or iioai chamber i. A

'.iie siicitiiiias an opening er pine, i'in'ougii which Hic rei-rioni rod 'i' passed frein inc valve io 'iiie iioaz. The pipe i, in gire ejcning through which ine Vcri'icn: iieeforod pnsscs, ex; tends above iic siicii irgend :i siiori disancc ons above the ltop ot` the middle pipe M, through which the hydrocarbon spirits tlow into the upper ariuneting-compartment` Il, l'rom whence the hydrocarbon spirits pass down the overflow-pipe l.' to the lower carlumeting-compartment, E, and thence haclnvard, through the lower return-pipe N, into the limit-chamber K of the feed-box. t

To the upper snrl'ace ot' the shelt L in the letal-box is attacheda plug, t), closing an opening therein, tor the purpose ot' preventingI a glipprgtj HQW tmiflilvwlt'rtrfll'iitlll Sllll'li'ri i0 th() Oil-t* chamber, thus causing the hydrocarbon to collect: upon the shelt'li, and rising nearlvto the top ot' the pipe i above the passage ofthe middle pipe M', through which it. tlows into the upper carhuretiiig-chamber l), as above mentioned.

inv removing the plug t) from the opening in the shelt' l. a direct passage is provided, through which the hydrocarbon ilnid will tlow directly to the lower or tloat; chamber. thence through the pipe N into the lower arburctfi|ig-comlmrtment, E, thus preventing the luid t'rom accumulating' on the shelfl L and passing' through the middle pipe. lly this change the upper earbureting-compartment is not; fed with hydrocarbon spirits, and ceases to .carburet thc'gas or air passing through the same, and thereby a portion of the ot' the machine is thrown into disuso.

This feed-box is also provided with a. pumppipe, l, extending from the top ofthe case to near the bottom ot'Y the float-chamber, for the purpose of removing residnnm from t-lielower carluireting-ehamben The residnmn is removed from the upper earburetilig-compartment, 1), by means of the pump-pipe Q. -rl'hese pump-pipes are provided at their upper ends with screweaps 5, by means ot which the chambers are sealed.

A removable top or cap, lt, is attaclual to the upper end of the feed-box, covering a handhole, by means' ot which access can be had to the interior of the valve-chamber li otk the Vtt ed-box to adjust the slotted head et' the float.- rod l', to remove the plug() from the opening in shclt and return the same when required, to remove the oscillating valve for repairs, also to provide for detaching and adjusting these parts without removing tho apparatus lrom the premises. t

Whenever any ot the above-named parts of the 'teed-bix are beingl adjusted or repaired the cocks of the oommunicatingI pipes are sluit to prevent: any escape ot' gas, aml communi cation between the tecding-compartment; and the carburetingcompartments, whereby the gas may continue to pass without interruption through the nuichine while the working parts ofthe feeding device are being adjusted or repaired.

'lhe other side, compartment, ti, is the h vdro-thorniostat, bv means ot' which the water in thcjaclici A surroumlingI all the compartments is hepl, at any desired temperature. This hidro-thermostat ti consist-L ol' au aircarhureting capacity an extension ot' the water-jacket.

tight box, T, sealed by a memlu'anons lseptum resiingupon the topot'thcbox, aml held lirml thereto bymeans ot a shoulderrng, in the screwoap lf, which cap isscrcwed down upon the same. The space above the septum allows suliieicnt room for the septum to move i'lpwprd and down fard, to aeconunodatc the expansion `and contraction ol theronlined air in the hox.

From the center ot' the septum, through an opening in ythe top ofthe cap, arises a vertical rod, V, having a slotted head, n, to which is connected a` lever, `o,attaehed to a wastewater cock, o. This lever has at its outer end a weight, W, to counterbalance the weightr oll the vertical rod 'V and its attaclnnents. lhe waste-water cock o is Vattached to a siphonpipe, X, communicating,with tho lower por. tion of the water-jacket. (Sco Fig. l ot' the drawings.) 4Advantageis thus taken ot' the contracting and expanding power ot eoullued air caused by the temperature ot' surronmling water to operate the mechanical devices neeessary to open and close the waste-water eoelt ofthe wateigiacket.

From the sealed airhox 'l extends a small pipe, p, communicating with the outer air. This commmiication isopened and closed by means ot'an air-valve', fl.` Vv'lnnever said valve is opened the air is free,and therethrc the expansion and contraction thereof in the box ceases to operate upon the septum. '.lhe valve is closed when a. desired temperature is imparted to the air in the box. Any 'ariation from the given temperatine ol' the confined air will act'. uponthe septum and canse a corresponding rising and falling ol' the same, and a consequent; opening or closing ot' the wastewater cock. Thustit will he seen that; the object oi' this pipe p' and its valve q is to set the. lrvdro-thermostat and regulate the same atwill.

The contrfution and expansion ofthe air in the sealed airbox T are ett'ectcd aml utilized as follows: This sealed air-box is surroumlcd by Now, as the air expands one cubic inch to every l'onr hundred and ninety cultic inches ot.' its volume for every degree ot' lient added thereto, aml contracts in the same ratio tor every degree taken t'rom its tempel-at ure,i t t'ollows, i l'a ny chan gc in the temperature ot' the water surroumling all the compartments ot'the machine is made, such change is imparted to thcair in the sealed box, which will contract or expand with a power exactly proportioned to the number ol cubic inches otaireontainedin the box; and all t'oree thereby gained or lost is exerted to raise or lower the septum, thereby operating the me chanieal devices for openingor ,closing the waste-waterivalve, which by opening starts, and hy closing stops, the tiow oi' warm water to the water-jacket. v

The mechanical lzulmixttire ot' t-he vapors ot' hydrtufarlmn with g: s or air t'or illuminating purposes must be eiieotcd at or near a co'incideut temperature ofthe two gases, in order to secure a homogeneous combination ofthe gas 'lhisl union secures brdhanev in and vapor.

itxto the street gas-main, thereby preventing lght and comparative freedom from condensation in the gas-pipes, as a greater degree ot cold is required to condense the gases so united 'ons admixture are greater uniformity ot illumihating-power and increased saving of gas.

This desired coincidence ot' temperature ot' the hydrocarbon vapors and gas or vair is secured b v maintaining the temperature of water surrounding the compartments containing said gases b v means of thehydro-tlrermostat', oper-- ating in the manner above described.

In the carburet-ing of gas or air a slight coudensation is liable to take place in the pipes .at'terthc gas has passed through the pressureregulator. Heretot'ore this condensation, ou its ret-urn down the rising-pipe, has been arrested by the partition in the outlet-chamber ot'vthe 1iressare-regulator, where it formed a trap, cuttingoti'the supply of gas to the'burners. 'lo overcome this ditlienlty-a small tap-screw was placed at. the bottom of the outlet-compartment. 1 have,however, substituted adrippipe, Y, leading 'from the bottom of the regu-J lator to the bottom of the lower carburetingchamber, as shown in drawings. The lower lend ot`-the drip-piped.' is sealed by the hydrocarbon liquids in the bottom of the said chamber, thus furnishing a return-drip to the well of'. the machine and retrieving the obstruction above stated.

lhe pressore-regulator Z'is constructed substantially like that shown in the -patents to Kidder, granted in 1852 and 1853, with the following in'iprovements: First, the metallieportions of said regulator are coated witlf'bees wax, or its equivalent, to prevent contact with the mercury and oxidation of the metal; seeond, to' prevent insensible evaporation of the mercury, Ilseal the same with giycerine or nonvolatile liquid; third, in attaching a small tapserew, to bensed `as a gage-screw for drawing oit' the glycerine, whenever it becomes unfit for further u`se, and replace the same with fresh glycerine, without disturbing the mercury.

0n the top of the machine is placed a small tank, r, containing a tloatf and valve, regulat-v ing the ,supply ot' warm water to the waterjaeket surrounding the various com partments, and also arresting the pressure of the water from the heater or boiler. rl`his tank is provided with a side overtlow-pipe, so that', in ease the water should ever run into t-he tank faster vthan it 4passes into the water-jacket, the surplus would be carried into a sewer or drain.

At. the topot'. the machine is also arranged an outside pipe, S, extending from the inlet.- pipe t to a pointin the top of the ,hydrocar bon-holder G, so that in case of intense heat from tire and the boiling ot' the hydrocarbon spirits in the holder, lthe vapors are allowed to escape through this vent-pipe S to the viu let-pipe f, thence backward throughthe meter rcome broken, the eounterbalaucew g y the endet` the lever will shut the 'wastewaallv danger of the machine from bursting and increasing the eonilagration.

That portion of the .\'ateria :itet which surrounds the automatic feed-box is designed to have a hinged litt-ing top, to admit access to the top ot the feed-bex and its parts.

Opera-tion: The hydrocarbon spirit-s are introduced into the helder il through pipee. From thence they pass through supply-pipe d into the upper chamber ot' the automat-ic feedboxli, and, rising therein to "ie iecei et' the middle pipe El, they How ough the-sante into the upper earbureti ein they passdown the ore1"iio A into the lower carbureting-chamber, E. From this chamber they pass through return-pipe E into float-chamber li, raising therein the iioat J and closing valve e, thereby stopping the itow of hydrocarbon and resting the feeding devices. l

rEhe gas or air from the equalizingfcllamber Il enters the lower earbureting-ehaml er E, by means of the connecting-pipe l, and passes through vsinuous passages-therein, and up through the overitow-pipe k to the upper carburetingchamber, l), through similar sinuous passages-to the outlet of the upper chamber, andvtinally through the pressure-regulator to the burner.

The sinuous passages ot' tbe earburetingcompartments are provided'with yarn absorbents en reels, from which the gas or air takes upatlxc liydroearboli spirits. Y To till the waterjacltet A, cold water is poured -into the tank n', the vent-recoit el is opened, and the water flows into the jacket around and between the compartments until the jacket is lled, or nearly so; then a warm` water pipe from the heater or boiler is connected 'with the small tank. The air-,cock g, attached to the sealed air-box, is opened 'and the waste-water coeliopened, causing.` some cold water to flow out and warm water to ow in through the perforated pipe a', thereby 'raisingthe temperature ot the eonned water to the desired degree. The air-cock q is then shut, and the air-boi; sealed. A few more degrees' i of temperature arefadded to the water, which Y. will expand the eoulined air in the box, vthereby causing the wastenvatereoek .to shut automatically and stop the intlow ot warm water, and the hydro-thermostat will be at rest. f

Rapid evaporation of the hydrocarbon spirits-in the earburetingchambers will produce cold, thereby lowering the temperature of the surrounding water, which ehfairgewvillicontraet the confined air, pullfhdosvig vthe SGRtum.-by.

partial vacuum thus termed? vand open the waste-v rater cock. 'Some colt water-willth'ei'l ilow out and 'seine warm water will ilow in, until the same or former temperature is restored, as before.

Should .the seal in the air-boxoftiie hydrothermostat ever, by accident or oth v tinto ninintnining;l tlnnnil'orin tvmlwrntnro ot' ti-rmwlt :itlzn-ln-ll to tln Siphon-pipo :tml stop tllftow ot' wnttr. so tlnlt wnrlwnting ot' thtl h rflmt-:n-hnn spirits hy nn nrnitlrntnl owrtlow ot' wnrin nntor is rvnltrell inlpossililr.

ln tht ronstrnttion ot" tht' li'rdru'tln'rtnostnt, l inrit-r to ustl n nn-niln'nnoml svptnln; lnlt I flo not wish to rontiniA inysvlt' to snt'h nso. l prtii'l' snrh svptnln lmralnso it is moro' lloxiblo thnn n nwtnlliilinphrngln :intl innrh rhvnpor thnn :i rnt|o|n-j.'rnp-thr rontinimtA thtI nir in tlu` linx.

'lht` improv-(t Pross-nrt-rt-gnlntor inri-inlwtoro lrrsrrihml t'ornna thu snlgiorminntrr ot` nnotlwr application, tihrii by Francis M. (irinn's nniinrrst-lt', honi-in;` orten lntrl horrwith.

l. 'fine Promiss ot' cnrlnnvting;l ,uns nrnir t'or illnlnnntim; pnrposrs. wltit'lt t'onsists in lientitig thtlrvclt-wnrhon spirits nml guts or :tir in svpnrnto 'otnpnrimontato tlu snm(- tempomt|nf,1ni\'in; thrln nt or ntfztr tho roincitlrnt tonnwrntnro tom-Huron honiog'mwonsootnhinntion ot' tht.l ,uns und mpnrs, :1nd nt tho sanno 1.. The wnnhinnlinn, with n ratrlnn'utvr, ot tin.: prrssnro-rrgnlntor Z, having it` metallic portions contr-l with hws-wax und theme12 fury tifnoot' wnlwl with glyrrriinf. snllstnntinll)v :is (lest-ritmi.

3. Tho combination, with :l rnrlnlrotrr:intl its prcssnrwrrg'ltlntor, ot' n trip-pipo, Y, 101ML ing troni thu rugnlntor to tho lower carbureting-rlnnnlnrr, snhstnntinlly ns :und t'or thtl pnrposo svt t'nrth.

statt to :my tunilwrntm'r, :if :nul t'or tinlpnr- '1, constructedy with their swnns und joints to` tho ontcrsln'fnci, and ronnnctvtl tog'rthrr :intl held npnrt by means ot lugs :nul hulls, t'or thv purposes set torth.

In testimony that l rlnhn tho nhovc l huw;

hormlnto Snbscrilwtl my nnnw in thv presrnrv ot' two witncssos.

J. Fimo. Arm-m, Jr., (mount-1 E. 'rnnt. 

